Energy Consumption Analysis and Energy Holes Avoidance for Gradient Based Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks
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摘要: 在基于"梯度汇聚"模型的无线传感器网络 (Wireless sensor networks, WSNs)中, 因节点间能量消耗不平衡而引发的能量空洞一直是影响网络生存周期的重要原因. 本文分别分析了无通信干扰的自由空间环境和瑞利衰落环境下网络中节点的能量消耗,提出了一种基于节点能量非均匀分布的能量空洞避免机制,即根据节点的能耗水平为每个节点储备不同的初始能量.并结合通信干扰、休眠机制等因素,研究了基于"梯度汇聚"模型的无线传感器网络生存周期的上界和下界. 模拟结果表明,该机制提高了能量的利用效率,延长了网络的生存周期.Abstract: In wireless sensor networks (WSNs) using gradient based routing, the uneven energy dissipation among nodes can lead to energy holes and significantly reduces the lifetime of network. In this paper, we analyze the energy consumption of nodes on gradient sinking model in both free space and Rayleigh fading environment, and propose a scheme to avoid energy holes with nonuniform energy distribution, that is, a node is equipped with initial energy according to its energy consumption. Then, we investigate the upper and lower bounds of network lifetime in a WSN using gradient based routing by taking into consideration various factors such as communication interference, sleeping mechanism, etc. Simulation results indicate that our scheme can increase energy efficiency and prolong network lifetime.
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Key words:
- Wireless sensor network (WSN) /
- energy hole /
- energy efficiency /
- gradient model
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