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摘要: 熔丝沉积制造(Fused deposition modeling, FDM)是利用熔融塑料丝的一种3D打印技术,热塑料由喷嘴喷出逐层堆积完成打印.由于熔丝只能沉积在已存在物体的上层,因此需要构造支撑结构以支撑悬空部分.针对现有支撑结构生成算法中存在的或结构不稳固或耗材多的缺陷,提出一种以熔丝为支撑单位的树形稀疏支撑结构.与传统算法计算模型表面支撑区域不同,本算法计算每段熔丝需要支撑的区域,使支撑结构更契合熔丝沉积特点.算法还将支撑结构分为三类,将多约束优化问题分解,降低算法复杂度.实验结果表明,本文算法生成的支撑结构算法耗材少、支撑稳定.Abstract: Fused deposition modeling(FDM) is the process of 3D printing objects from melted plastic filament. The hot plastic exits from the nozzle and fuses with the part just below, adding a layer of material to the object being formed. Since the filament can only be deposited on top of an existing surface, overhangs require a disposable support structure to be printed. In order to improve the stability of the support structure and reduce its consumption, a sparse tree support structure generation algorithm is presented. Different from the tradition algorithm, the region needs to be supported for each filament is calculated and the support structure fits the FDM better. The support structure is divided into three categories, and the multi-objective programming problem is decomposed. Experimental results show that supports generated by this algorithm consume less time and materials and are more stable.
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Key words:
- Rapid prototyping /
- 3D printing /
- supports /
- fused deposition modeling
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图 7 第二类支撑结构中熔丝方向
Fig. 7 The direction of the fuse in the second kind of supporting structure
表 1 Meshmixer、Makerware及本文算法打印结果数据对比
Table 1 Printing results comparison among Meshmixer,Makerware and our algorithm
模型 S(mm3) W(g) Meshmixer Makerware 本文算法 TP(s) WS(g) TA(s) TP(s) WP(g) TA(s) TP(s) WS(g) TA(s) Fandisk 64×40×52 23.35 80 4.67 10 62 5.37 8 66 2.8 11 Element 34×70×29 15.34 70 2.91 12 45 4.75 14 51 2.15 19 Umbrela 50×50×49 8.72 70 1.48 8 42 2 9 45 0.78 8 
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