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基于虚拟样本生成技术的多组分机械信号建模

汤健 乔俊飞 柴天佑 刘卓 吴志伟

汤健, 乔俊飞, 柴天佑, 刘卓, 吴志伟. 基于虚拟样本生成技术的多组分机械信号建模. 自动化学报, 2018, 44(9): 1569-1589. doi: 10.16383/j.aas.2017.c170204
引用本文: 汤健, 乔俊飞, 柴天佑, 刘卓, 吴志伟. 基于虚拟样本生成技术的多组分机械信号建模. 自动化学报, 2018, 44(9): 1569-1589. doi: 10.16383/j.aas.2017.c170204
TANG Jian, QIAO Jun-Fei, CHAI Tian-You, LIU Zhuo, WU Zhi-Wei. Modeling Multiple Components Mechanical Signals by Means of Virtual Sample Generation Technique. ACTA AUTOMATICA SINICA, 2018, 44(9): 1569-1589. doi: 10.16383/j.aas.2017.c170204
Citation: TANG Jian, QIAO Jun-Fei, CHAI Tian-You, LIU Zhuo, WU Zhi-Wei. Modeling Multiple Components Mechanical Signals by Means of Virtual Sample Generation Technique. ACTA AUTOMATICA SINICA, 2018, 44(9): 1569-1589. doi: 10.16383/j.aas.2017.c170204

基于虚拟样本生成技术的多组分机械信号建模

doi: 10.16383/j.aas.2017.c170204
基金项目: 

矿冶过程自动控制技术国家重点实验室矿冶过程自动控制技术北京市重点实验室 BGRIMM-KZSKL-2017-07

流程工业综合自化国家重点实验室开放课题基金资助项目 PAL-N201504

国家自然科学基金 61703089

国家自然科学基金 61573364

详细信息
    作者简介:

    乔俊飞  北京工业大学教授.主要研究方向为智能控制, 神经网络分析与设计.E-mail:junfeq@bjut.edu.cn

    柴天佑  中国工程院院士, 东北大学教授.IEEE Fellow, IFAC Fellow, 欧亚科学院院士.主要研究方向为自适应控制, 智能解耦控制, 流程工业综合自动化理论、方法与技术.E-mail:tychai@mail.neu.edu.cn

    刘卓  博士, 东北大学流程工业综合自动化国家重点实验室讲师.主要研究方向为复杂工业过程建模.E-mail:liuzhuo@ise.neu.edu.cn

    吴志伟  博士, 东北大学讲师.主要研究方向为复杂工业过程的智能优化控制.E-mail:wuzhiwei2006@163.com

    通讯作者:

    汤健  北京工业大学教授.主要研究方向为复杂工业过程智能控制与建模, 数据驱动软测量.本文通信作者.E-mail:freeflytang@bjut.edu.cn

Modeling Multiple Components Mechanical Signals by Means of Virtual Sample Generation Technique

Funds: 

tate Key Laboratory of Process Automation in Mining & Metallurgy Beijing Key Laboratory of Process Automation in Mining & Metallurgy BGRIMM-KZSKL-2017-07

State Key Laboratory of Synthetical Automation for Process Industries PAL-N201504

National Natural Science Foundation of China 61703089

National Natural Science Foundation of China 61573364

More Information
    Author Bio:

     Professor at Beijing University of Technology. His research interest covers intelligent control, analysis and design of neural networks

     Academician of Chinese Academy of Engineering, professor at Northeastern University, and academician of the International Eurasian Academy of Sciences. His research interest covers adaptive control, intelligent decoupling control, and integrated automation thoery, method and technology of industrial process

     Ph. D., lecturer at the State Key Laboratory of Synthetical Automation for Process Industries of Northeastern University. Her research interest covers modeling for complex industries

     Ph. D., lecturer at the State Key Laboratory of Synthetical Automation for Process Industries of Northeastern University. His research interest covers intelligent optimal control for complex industries

    Corresponding author: TANG Jian  Professor at Beijing University of Technology. His research interest covers intelligent control and modeling for complex industrial processes, and data driven-based soft sensor. Corresponding author of this paper
  • 摘要: 采用具有多组分、非平稳、非线性等特性的机械振动/振声信号构建数据驱动软测量模型,是目前工业界测量高能耗旋转机械设备内部难以检测过程参数的常用手段.针对机械信号产生机理的复杂性导致模型解释性弱,以及工业过程连续不间断运行和机械设备旋转封闭的特殊性导致获取完备训练样本的经济性差和周期性长等问题,本文提出一种基于虚拟样本生成(Virtual sample generation,VSG)技术的多组分机械信号建模方法.首先,将机械信号自适应分解为具有不同时间尺度的平稳子信号并变换为多尺度谱数据;接着,采用适合于小样本高维数据建模的改进选择性集成核偏最小二乘(Selective ensemble kernel partial least squares,SENKPLS)算法构建面向真实训练样本的基于可行性的规划(Feasibility-based programming,FBP)模型,提出一种综合先验知识和FBP模型等手段面向高维谱数据的VSG技术,用以弥补真实训练样本的短缺问题;然后,基于互信息(Mutual information,MI)对由真实和虚拟训练样本组成的混合建模数据进行自适应特征选择;最后,基于约简的混合训练样本采用SENKPLS构建软测量模型.以近红外谱数据和磨矿过程实验球磨机的筒体振动/振声信号验证所提VSG技术和面向多组分机械信号建模方法的合理性和有效性.
    1)  本文责任编委 侯忠生
  • 图  1  基于VSG的多组分机械信号建模策略

    Fig.  1  Multi-component mechanical signal modeling strategy based on VSG

    图  2  虚拟样本产生(VSG)模块的结构

    Fig.  2  Structure of the virtual sample generation (VSG) module

    图  3  NIR真实训练样本输入和输出

    Fig.  3  Inputs and outputs of NIR training samples

    图  4  KLVs数量与RMSE的关系

    Fig.  4  Relationships between KLVs$'$ number and RMSE

    图  5  核半径与RMSE的关系

    Fig.  5  Relationships between kernel radiu and RMSE

    图  6  NIR虚拟训练样本的输入和输出

    Fig.  6  Inputs and outputs of NIR virtual training samples

    图  7  基于不同数量的虚拟样本构建模型的训练误差

    Fig.  7  Training errors of the constructed model based on virtual samples with different numbers

    图  8  某选矿厂一段磨矿回路(GC Ⅰ)工艺流程

    Fig.  8  Flow chart of the grinding circuit Ⅰ (GC Ⅰ) of some mineral grinding process

    图  9  磨机筒体振动的VIMF1~10子信号的真实谱数据

    Fig.  9  True spectra data of VIMF1~10 sub-signals from mill shell vibration signal

    图  10  磨机振声AIMF1~10子信号的真实谱数据

    Fig.  10  True spectra data of VIMF1~10 sub-signals from mill acoustic signal

    图  11  磨机筒体振动VIMF1~10的虚拟谱数据

    Fig.  11  Virtual spectra data of VIMF1~10 sub-signals from mill shell vibration signal

    图  12  磨机振声AIMF1~10的虚拟谱数据

    Fig.  12  Virtual spectra data of AIMF1~10 sub-signals from mill acoustic signal

    图  13  基于不同${N_{{\rm{VSG}}}}$值构建的软测量模型测试误差的方差

    Fig.  13  Variance of the testing errors based on soft sensor models using different ${N_{{\rm{VSG}}}}$ values

    图  14  基于不同${N_{{\rm{VSG}}}}$值构建的软测量模型的测试误差

    Fig.  14  Testing errors based on soft sensor models using different ${N_{{\rm{VSG}}}}$ values

    表  1  基于PLS提取的潜在特征的贡献率

    Table  1  Contribution of the latent features extracted based on PLS

    LV# 输入单LV 输入累计 输出单LV 输出累计
    1 88.85 88.85 23.78 23.78
    2 10.96 99.8 19 42.78
    3 0.17 99.97 20.8 63.57
    4 0.01 99.98 21.77 85.35
    5 0.01 99.99 8.63 93.98
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  基于混合样本建立的NIR模型统计结果

    Table  2  Statistical results of NIR model based on mixed samples

    真实样本数量 虚拟样本数量 核半径值 KLV数量 均值(Mean) 最大值(Max) 最小值(Min) 方差(Var)
    15 0 600 10 7.188 9.0742 5.6867 0.9779
    15 14 65 12 6.9473 9.3558 5.9747 0.8814
    15 28 50 15 7.7808 11.2846 6.2231 1.2904
    15 42 0.8 13 8.9316 10.3599 7.7212 0.7781
    15 56 10 14 7.7027 12.2875 6.0686 1.6912
    15 70 60 13 8.3782 11.6499 7.2438 1.0895
    15 84 60 10 7.0026 7.6549 6.5843 0.3273
    15 98 65 12 7.3832 8.4788 6.8142 0.4051
    15 112 75 9 6.0723 6.8627 5.8029 0.2375
    15 126 19 12 8.1114 10.0179 6.5984 0.8225
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  用于产生虚拟样本的真实训练样本分布

    Table  3  Distribution of the true training samples for generating virtual samples

    样本序号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
    固定负荷(kg) 料10 料10 料10 水2 水2 水2 料20 料20 料20 水10 水10 水10 水10
    变化负荷(kg) 水5 水15 水20 料10 料1 6 料20 水7.5 水12.5 水20 料24 料28 料35 料45
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  面向CVR的谱特征选择的统计结果

    Table  4  Statistical results of spectra feature selection for CVR

    真实样本数量 虚拟样本数量 振动特征数量 振声特征数量 特征数量总和 MI阈值
    13 9 1 344 190 1 534 0.8
    13 18 473 71 514 0.9
    13 27 3 388 1 878 5 266 0.2
    13 36 895 175 1 070 0.8
    13 45 3 396 1 870 5 266 0.2
    13 54 3 387 1 869 5 256 0.2
    13 63 3 403 1 880 5 283 0.1
    13 72 3 384 1 865 5 249 0.2
    13 81 3 403 1 879 5 282 0.1
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  5  基于不同数量混合样本构建的软测量模型的统计结果

    Table  5  Statistical results of soft sensor models based on mix samples with different number

    真实样本数量 虚拟样本数量 RMSREP均值
    (Mean)
    RMSREP最小值
    (Min)
    RMSREP最大值
    (Max)
    RMSREP方差
    (Var)
    PLS 26 0 0.3445 0.1492 0.5803 0.0977
    KPLS 26 0 0.1839 0.0704 0.4598 0.0947
    文献[24] 26 0 0.1265 0.0381 0.4263 0.0677
    文献[20] 26 0 0.3424 0.1967 0.4773 0.0778
    文献[21] 26 0 0.2184 0.0968 0.4418 0.0858
    本文 26 0 0.1708 0.0771 0.2829 0.0694
    方法 26 9 0.1651 0.118 0.2591 0.0382
    26 18 0.149 0.0966 0.2135 0.0288
    26 27 0.1449 0.0916 0.2159 0.0337
    26 36 0.1345 0.0994 0.1775 0.0172
    26 45 0.1397 0.0909 0.2011 0.0286
    26 54 0.1439 0.0981 0.1914 0.0266
    26 63 0.1321 0.0987 0.1849 0.0208
    26 72 0.1366 0.1069 0.1828 0.0203
    26 81 0.129 0.0988 0.1749 0.0199
    注: 表 5中的26个真实样本中, 仅是表 3中所示的13个用于产生虚拟样本.
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2017-04-16
  • 录用日期:  2017-06-22
  • 刊出日期:  2018-09-20

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